The Tier 2 indicators represent the second level of implementation readiness within the Observatory's methodological framework. They are supported by a well-defined conceptual and methodological basis, but their systematic calculation requires additional efforts in data collection, harmonisation, or processing before they can be operationalised consistently.
Many of these indicators address emerging aspects of coastal and maritime tourism, including newly introduced themes and enhanced monitoring of maritime tourism activities. Their gradual implementation will strengthen the Observatory's analytical capacity and expand the range of sustainability dimensions that can be monitored over time.
| Coastal / Maritime | Code | Theme | Sub-theme | Indicator | Calculation Method | Tier |
| Coastal | 1.1.3 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Ratio of same-day visitors to overnight visitors | Same-day visitors / Total visitors | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.1.5 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of repeat visitors | Visitors answering "YES" to "Have you visited the destination before?" / Total respondents ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.1.6 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Incoming vehicles by coastal shipping | Excess incoming vehicles by coastal shipping / relative to the reference month | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.1.7 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Incoming private aircraft | Excess incoming private aircraft / relative to the reference month | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.2.2 | Economic dimension | Local added value and employment | Average wage level in coastal tourism occupations | Total earnings of employees in Business Sectors / Number of employees in coastal tourism Business Sectors | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.3.1 | Economic dimension | Performance of tourism businesses | Tourism Economic Performance Index (deflated) | Travel receipts (Bank of Greece) / Total visitors (Bank of Greece) / price adjustment (ELSTAT) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.3.3 | Economic dimension | Performance of tourism businesses | Tourist accommodation revenue per overnight stay (deflated) | Turnover of accommodation-sector businesses / number of overnight stays / price adjustment | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.3.4 | Economic dimension | Performance of tourism businesses | Contribution of tourism business revenue (coastal tourism) to destination GDP | Tourism-adjusted turnover = ฮฃ (Turnover of coastal tourism Business Sectors ร tourism participation coefficient) / total destination GDP | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 1.4.3 | Economic dimension | Investment in sustainable infrastructure | Institutional speed (average licensing duration for a 5-star hotel unit) | Average licensing duration for a 5-star hotel unit | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.2 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Social acceptance of tourism | Average resident score on a Likert scale | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.3 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Visitor experience and satisfaction | Average visitor satisfaction score | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.4 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Pressure on public spaces | Residents reporting high pressure on public spaces / Total residents in sample ร 100 Number of visitors / area of destination point of interest (hotspot) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.5 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Traffic load | Number of tourism-use vehicles / Residents | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.6 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Business perception index regarding tourism | Average of responses per theme (employment, cost of living, use of public spaces) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.1.9 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Resident satisfaction with their participation in tourism decision-making | Share of residents reporting participation or the possibility of participation | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.2.2 | Social and cultural dimension | Cultural heritage and local identity | Resident perception of the protection of cultural identity | Average of resident responses | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.4.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Human resources education and training | Employee participation in education and training programmes | Participating employees / Total employees in tourism | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.5.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Share of beaches with lifeguard coverage | Beaches with a lifeguard / Total beaches | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.5.3 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Share of road accidents attributable to tourism | Number of road accidents / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.5.4 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of nursing staff | Number of nursing staff / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.5.5 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of hospital beds | Number of beds / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 2.5.6 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of policing staff | Number of policing staff / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.1.1 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Share of tourism businesses using renewable energy sources | Businesses using RES / Total tourism businesses | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.1.2 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Excess water consumption from tourism activities | Total water consumption of tourism Business Sectors โ comparison with the reference month (February) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.1.3 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Excess energy consumption from tourism activities | Total energy consumption of tourism Business Sectors โ comparison with the reference month (February) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.2.1 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Share of waste recycled from tourism activities | Recycled waste from tourism activities / Total waste | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.2.2 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Solid waste generated per overnight stay | Total waste / Overnight stays | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.2.3 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Wastewater treatment | Wastewater receiving at least secondary treatment / Total wastewater ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.2.5 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Share of waste volume generated in the destination by tourism activities | Volume of waste generated by tourism in the destination (tonnes/month) relative to the total | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.3.4 | Environmental dimension | Ecosystems and biodiversity | Implementation of climate change prevention and adaptation measures in tourism areas | Existence / number of measures or plans implemented | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.3.6 | Environmental dimension | Ecosystems and biodiversity | Availability of risk management plans for tourism destinations | Existence of risk management plans for tourism destinations (YES/NO) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.3.8 | Environmental dimension | Ecosystems and biodiversity | Existence of a local coastal adaptation plan | Yes / no | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.5.2 | Environmental dimension | Environmental responsibility of businesses and visitors | Share of tourism businesses running awareness campaigns for visitors and residents on environmental issues | Share of businesses with such actions out of all businesses | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 3.5.3 | Environmental dimension | Environmental responsibility of businesses and visitors | Visitor environmental awareness index | Average of visitor responses | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 4.1.3 | Governance | Institutional and strategic framework | Implementation of land uses | Stage of maturity (e.g. none / under preparation / approved / under implementation) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 4.2.1 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Stakeholder satisfaction with participation in sustainable tourism consultations | Average of responses (survey) | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 4.2.2 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Level of visitor awareness of the destination's sustainable tourism actions | Share of visitors stating they are aware of the destination's sustainability actions | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 4.2.3 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Businesses communicating sustainability actions (website, signage, reports) | Businesses communicating sustainability actions | Tier 2 |
| Coastal | 4.2.4 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Recognition of the destination as sustainable | Average of visitor / stakeholder responses | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.1 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of cruise passengers at national level | Share of the destination's cruise passengers relative to the national total | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.2 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Average number of passengers per cruise ship | Tier 2 | |
| Maritime | 1.1.3 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of cruise ship port calls at national level | Share of the destination's cruise ship port calls relative to the national total | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.4 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Average length of stay per cruise ship | Tier 2 | |
| Maritime | 1.1.5 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Average cruise ship dimensions (length, draught) | Tier 2 | |
| Maritime | 1.1.8 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of visitors arriving by charter | Number of visitors from charters / total number of visitors | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.9 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of visitors arriving by private recreational craft | Number of persons on board per craft / total number of visitors | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.10 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of passengers on daily sea excursions | Number of passengers on daily sea excursions / total number of visitors | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.11 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of participants in fishing tourism activities | Number of participants in licensed fishing tourism activities / total number of visitors | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.12 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of participants in diving activities | Total number of participants in organised dives or diving programmes | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.1.13 | Economic dimension | Tourism flows (overnight stays, visitors, seasonality) | Share of repeat visitors | Visitors answering "YES" to "Have you visited the destination before?" / Total respondents ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.2.2 | Economic dimension | Local added value and employment | Average wage level in maritime tourism occupations | Total earnings of employees in maritime tourism Business Sectors / Number of employees in maritime tourism Business Sectors | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.3.1 | Economic dimension | Cruise and marina performance | Tourism Economic Performance Index (deflated) | Travel receipts (Bank of Greece) / Total visitors (Bank of Greece) / price adjustment (ELSTAT) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.3.2 | Economic dimension | Cruise and marina performance | Public cruise revenue per passenger (deflated) | Cruise taxes & fees per passenger (deflated) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.3.6 | Economic dimension | Cruise and marina performance | Occupancy and use intensity of marinas | Occupied berths / Total berth capacity ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.3.7 | Economic dimension | Cruise and marina performance | Marina revenue per berth | Total marina revenue per berth | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.4.6 | Economic dimension | Investment in sustainable infrastructure | Number of dive sites / parks per kilometre of coastline | Number of dive sites / diving parks per kilometre of coastline | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.4.7 | Economic dimension | Investment in sustainable infrastructure | Ratio of piers outside ports to the number of tourist craft | Number of piers outside ports / Number of tourist craft | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.4.8 | Economic dimension | Investment in sustainable infrastructure | Share of the destination's marina capacity in the country's total marina capacity | Marina capacity of the destination / Total marina capacity of the country ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 1.4.9 | Economic dimension | Investment in sustainable infrastructure | Share of craft wintering in the destination out of all craft wintering in the country | Number of craft wintering in the destination / Total number of craft wintering in the country ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.1.2 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Level of resident satisfaction with tourism development โ resident perception of impacts on employment, cost of living and use of public spaces | Average resident satisfaction score | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.1.3 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Level of visitor satisfaction โ perception of cost and quality of life | Average visitor satisfaction score | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.1.7 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Business perception of impacts on employment, cost of living and use of public spaces | Average of responses per theme (employment, cost of living, use of public spaces) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.1.10 | Social and cultural dimension | Social acceptance and quality of life | Resident satisfaction with their participation in tourism decision-making | Share of residents reporting participation or the possibility of participation | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.2.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Cultural heritage and local identity | Resident perception of the protection of cultural identity | Average of resident responses | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.3.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Accessibility and social inclusion | Share of beaches and marinas with accessibility infrastructure | Accessible beaches & marinas / Total beaches & marinas | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.3.2 | Social and cultural dimension | Accessibility and social inclusion | Accessibility of tourism businesses for people with disabilities | Accessible businesses / Total tourism businesses | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.4.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Human resources education and training | Employee participation in education and training programmes | Participating employees / Total employees in tourism | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.4.2 | Social and cultural dimension | Human resources education and training | Share of employees with professional skills certifications (e.g. diving, seamanship, safety at sea) | Share of certifications per year | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.5.1 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Share of beaches with lifeguard coverage | Beaches with a lifeguard / Total beaches | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.5.3 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Share of road accidents attributable to tourism | Number of road accidents / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.5.4 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of nursing staff for visitors | Number of nursing staff / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.5.5 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of hospital beds for visitors | Number of beds / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 2.5.6 | Social and cultural dimension | Safety and public health | Availability of policing staff | Number of policing staff / Number of visitors & residents | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.1.1 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Energy consumption per cruise passenger | Total energy consumption / Overnight stays | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.1.5 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Excess water consumption from tourism activities | Total water consumption of tourism Business Sectors โ comparison with the reference month (February) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.1.6 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Excess energy consumption from tourism activities | Total energy consumption of tourism Business Sectors โ comparison with the reference month (February) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.2.2 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Share of waste recycled on cruise ships | Recycled waste on cruise ships / Total waste | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.2.5 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Share of wastewater receiving at least secondary treatment on cruise ships | Wastewater receiving at least secondary treatment in the destination / Total cruise wastewater in the destination ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.2.6 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Share of wastewater receiving at least secondary treatment | Wastewater receiving at least secondary treatment in the destination / Total wastewater from day boats and yachting in the destination ร 100 | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.2.7 | Environmental dimension | Waste and pollution management | Management of marine waste and vessel wastewater | Existence of licensed reception facilities (YES/NO) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.3.3 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Beach visitor load | Number of visitors / kilometres of coastline | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.3.4 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Implementation of climate change prevention and adaptation measures in tourism areas | Existence / number of measures or plans implemented | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.3.6 | Environmental dimension | Natural resource management (energy, water) | Availability of risk management plans in ports | Existence of risk management plans in ports (YES/NO) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.4.1 | Environmental dimension | Environmental responsibility of businesses and visitors | Share of tourism businesses with "green" certifications | Share of certified businesses out of the total | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.4.2 | Environmental dimension | Environmental responsibility of businesses and visitors | Share of tourism businesses running awareness campaigns for visitors and residents on environmental issues | Share of businesses with such actions out of the total | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 3.4.3 | Environmental dimension | Environmental responsibility of businesses and visitors | Visitor environmental awareness index | Average of visitor responses | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 4.1.2 | Governance | Institutional and strategic framework | Adequacy rate of waste reception facilities | Reception capacity / total waste generated | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 4.2.1 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Stakeholder satisfaction with participation in sustainable tourism consultations | Average of responses (survey) | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 4.2.2 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Level of visitor awareness of the destination's sustainable tourism actions | Share of visitors stating they are aware of the destination's sustainability actions | Tier 2 |
| Maritime | 4.2.4 | Governance | Participation, communication, promotion and partnerships | Recognition of the destination as sustainable | Average of visitor / stakeholder responses | Tier 2 |